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Ingredients

Evidence-based profiles of individual supplement ingredients: benefits, dosage, safety, and the limits of current research.

11 Professional Guides & Articles

Latest in Ingredients

Evidence-verified content
Zinc After 60: Immune Benefits, the Right Dose, and Why More Is Worse
Ingredients

Zinc After 60: Immune Benefits, the Right Dose, and Why More Is Worse

Supplement Decoded Team
15 min
Collagen peptides powder in a bowl surrounded by fresh fruit and nuts
Ingredients

Collagen After 60: Does It Work? An Honest, Evidence-Based Review

Collagen supplements promise younger skin and pain-free joints. We reviewed the clinical research to see what adults over 60 can realistically expect.

•14 min
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An older adult's hands on a sunlit kitchen table with milk, yogurt, sardines, kale, a glass of water, and an unmarked supplement bottle.
Ingredients

Calcium After 60: How Much You Need, and the Honest Truth About Heart and Kidney Risks

•9 min
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Editorial illustration of probiotic capsules surrounded by beneficial gut bacteria
Ingredients

Probiotics: Evidence-Based Benefits, Strains, and Safety

Probiotics can help with specific problems, but only the right strain at the right dose. Here is what the evidence actually supports, why the strain on the label matters more than the CFU count, and how to avoid the industry's favorite tricks.

•11 min
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Golden fish oil softgel capsules with ocean waves and a leaping salmon in the background
Ingredients

Omega-3: Evidence-Based Benefits, Dosage, and Safety

Fish oil is one of the best-selling supplements on earth, and the science behind it is genuinely split down the middle. Omega-3s reliably lower triglycerides, but beyond that the biggest heart trials disagree with each other, the brain and eye claims mostly failed when tested directly, and the market is full of rancid oil, inflated pharmaceutical grade claims, and krill oil priced like a luxury good on a thin evidence base.

•15 min
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Editorial illustration of whey protein powder with a scoop beside a shaker bottle
Ingredients

Whey Protein: Evidence-Based Benefits, Dosage, and Safety

Whey protein genuinely works for muscle and strength, which makes the scams around it harder to spot. Here is what the evidence supports, what it doesn't, and how to buy it safely.

•12 min
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Editorial illustration of creatine powder with a scoop beside a supplement container
Ingredients

Creatine: Evidence-Based Benefits, Dosage, and Safety

Creatine works for strength and power, which makes the myths and scams around it harder to spot. Here is what the evidence supports, what it doesn't, and how to buy it safely.

•11 min
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Vitamin D supplement bottles
Ingredients

Vitamin D: Evidence-Based Overview, Benefits, Safety, and Dosage

Evidence-based overview of vitamin D benefits, dosage, safety, and research.

•7 min
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Magnesium-rich foods
Ingredients

Magnesium: Evidence-Based Overview, Benefits, Safety, and Dosage

Evidence-based overview of magnesium benefits, dosage, safety, and research.

•7 min
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Turmeric root and powder
Ingredients

Turmeric: Evidence-Based Overview, Benefits, Safety, and Dosage

Evidence-based overview of turmeric and curcumin benefits, safety, and dosage.

•9 min
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Ashwagandha plant and roots
Ingredients

Ashwagandha: Evidence-Based Overview, Benefits, Safety, and Dosage

Evidence-based overview of ashwagandha benefits, safety, and dosage.

•8 min
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